See the other (Basic) examples above.

using System.ComponentModel.Composition;
using System.ComponentModel.Composition.Hosting;

namespace Demo
{
    public static class Program
    {
        public static void Main()
        {
            using (var catalog = new ApplicationCatalog())
            using (var exportProvider = new CatalogExportProvider(catalog))
            using (var container = new CompositionContainer(exportProvider))
            {
                exportProvider.SourceProvider = container;

                UserWriter writer = new UserWriter();

                // at this point, writer's userProvider field is null
                container.ComposeParts(writer);

                // now, it should be non-null (or an exception will be thrown).
                writer.PrintAllUsers();
            }
        }
    }
}

As long as something in the application’s assembly search path has [Export(typeof(IUserProvider))], UserWriter’s corresponding import will be satisfied and the users will be printed.

Other types of catalogs (e.g., DirectoryCatalog) can be used instead of (or in addition to) ApplicationCatalog, to look in other places for exports that satisfy the imports.